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Gandhian Era I: Early Satyagrahas, Rowlatt, Khilafat & Home Rule: 72 previous year questions

UPSC has asked 72 questions on Gandhian Era I: Early Satyagrahas, Rowlatt, Khilafat & Home Rule between 1979 and 2026: CSE 33 · CDS 18 · CAPF 9 · NDA 5 · EPFO (APFC) 3 · CISF (LDCE) 2 · EPFO (AO/EO) 1 · Geo-Scientist 1. 26 of them came after 2015, so this is a live topic examiners keep returning to. 33 were set in Civil Services Prelims; the rest come from UPSC's other papers, which draw on the same question bank.

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Tap an option to check yourself. Answers follow the official UPSC key; where the key was dropped or disputed the question is not shown.

NDA2026 · 1Gandhian Era I: Early Satyagrahas, Rowlatt, Khilafat & Home RuleOn card MOD 10·2

Consider the following statements in respect of the Rowlatt Act of 1919 : I. Gandhiji launched a nationwide Satyagraha against the proposed Rowlatt Act, 1919. II. The Act had been hurriedly passed through the Imperial Legislative Council despite the opposition of Indian members. III. The Act gave the Government enormous powers to repress political activities. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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Answer D (official UPSC key)Rowlatt Act of 1919 → nationwide Satyagraha by Gandhiji; hurried through despite Indian members; enormous repressive powers
NDA2025 · 2Gandhian Era I: Early Satyagrahas, Rowlatt, Khilafat & Home RuleOn card MOD 8·3

Which of the following statements about the Home Rule League are correct ? 1. Lokamanya Tilak set up the Home Rule League at the Bombay Provincial Conference held at Belgaum in April 1916 2. Annie Besant announced the formation of Home Rule League in September 1916 3. To avoid friction, Tilak‘s League was to work in Maharashtra (excluding Bombay city), Karnataka, Central Provinces and Berar and Besant‘s League was given charge of the rest of India Select the answer using the code given below :

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Answer D (official UPSC key)Home Rule League → Tilak's at the Belgaum Provincial Conference, April 1916; Besant's announced September 1916; areas divided (Tilak: Maharashtra excl. Bombay city, Karnataka, Central Provinces, Berar)
CAPF2024Gandhian Era I: Early Satyagrahas, Rowlatt, Khilafat & Home RuleOn card MOD 10·3

Consider the following statements about the Rowlatt Act of 1919 : 1. It was passed by the Imperial Legislative Council 2. Khilafat Committee was formed to oppose the Act 3. While Gandhiji was arrested, the local leaders were allowed to continue the protest How many of the above statements is/are NOT correct ?

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Answer A (official UPSC key)NOT correct (one) → Khilafat Committee formed to oppose the Rowlatt Act
NDA2024 · 1Gandhian Era I: Early Satyagrahas, Rowlatt, Khilafat & Home RuleOn card MOD 10·2

Consider the following events : 1. Launch of Non-Cooperation Movement 2. All-India Khilafat Conference in Delhi 3. Passing of the Rowlatt Act 4. Jallianwala Bagh incident Which one of the following is the correct chronological order of the given events (earliest to latest)?

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Answer B (official UPSC key)In order → Rowlatt Act → Jallianwala Bagh → All-India Khilafat Conference, Delhi → Non-Cooperation Movement
CDS2022 · 1Gandhian Era I: Early Satyagrahas, Rowlatt, Khilafat & Home RuleOn card MOD 10·1

Arrange the following events chronologically starting from the earliest: 1. Ahmedabad Mill Strike 2. Champaran Satyagraha 3. Foundation of the Satyagraha Sabha 4. Jallianwala Bagh Massacre Select the correct answer using the code given below :

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Answer B (official UPSC key)In order → Champaran Satyagraha → Ahmedabad Mill Strike → Satyagraha Sabha → Jallianwala Bagh Massacre
CSE2021Gandhian Era I: Early Satyagrahas, Rowlatt, Khilafat & Home RuleOn card MOD 3·2

Consider the following statements: [2021] 1. The Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms of 1919 recommended granting voting rights to all women above the age of 21. 2. The Government of India Act of 1935 gave women reserved seats in the legislature. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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Answer B (official UPSC key)Government of India Act of 1935 → reserved seats for women | NOT: Montagu-Chelmsford votes for all women above 21
Geo-Scientist2020Gandhian Era I: Early Satyagrahas, Rowlatt, Khilafat & Home RuleOn card MOD 10·3

Which one of the following statements is NOT correct about Khilafat movement?

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Answer D (official UPSC key)NOT correct about Khilafat → Congress did not support it
CAPF2019Gandhian Era I: Early Satyagrahas, Rowlatt, Khilafat & Home RuleOn card MOD 10·2

Which among the following statements about the Jallianwala bagh massacre is/are correct ? 1. In Jallianwala bagh troops opened fire upon an unarmed crowd 2. The troops were under the command of General Dyer 3. The troops did not issue any warning to the people before opening fire Select the correct answer using the code given below :

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Answer C (official UPSC key)Jallianwala bagh → troops fired on an unarmed crowd; under General Dyer; no warning
CDS2019 · 2Gandhian Era I: Early Satyagrahas, Rowlatt, Khilafat & Home RuleOn card MOD 3·2

Which one of the following statements about the Government of India Act, 1919 is not correct?

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Answer B (official UPSC key)NOT correct about the Act of 1919 → Central Executive made responsible to the Legislature
CSE2018Gandhian Era I: Early Satyagrahas, Rowlatt, Khilafat & Home RuleOn card MOD 10·1

Which one of the following is a very significant aspect of the Champaran Satyagraha? [2018-I]

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Answer C (official UPSC key)Significance of Champaran Satyagraha → peasant unrest joined the National Movement
CDS2017 · 1Gandhian Era I: Early Satyagrahas, Rowlatt, Khilafat & Home RuleOn card MOD 10·1

Which of the following statements with regard to the speech of Mahatma Gandhi at the opening of the Banaras Hindu University are correct? 1. He charged the Indian elite with a lack of concern for the labouring poor. 2. He asserted that our salvation can come only through the farmers. 3. He highlighted the plight of the untouchables. 4. He promised to take up the cause of the mill owners of Ahmedabad. Select the correct answer using the code given below.

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Answer B (official UPSC key)Gandhi's BHU opening speech → charged the elite with neglect of the labouring poor; salvation only through farmers
CAPF2016Gandhian Era I: Early Satyagrahas, Rowlatt, Khilafat & Home RuleOn card MOD 10·1

Which of the following statements about the Champaran Satyagraha is/are correct ? 1. The Champaran region had a long tradition of anti-planter discontent and agitation 2. Mahatma Gandhi gave all India publicity to the grievances of Champaran cultivators 3. The cultivators of Champaran had protested against excessive taxation on sugar Select the correct answer using the code given below:

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Answer B (official UPSC key)Champaran Satyagraha → long anti-planter tradition; Gandhi gave all-India publicity | NOT: protest against sugar taxation
CDS2016 · 1Gandhian Era I: Early Satyagrahas, Rowlatt, Khilafat & Home RuleOn card MOD 10·1

Consider the following statements : 1. In Hind Swaraj, Mahatma Gandhi formulates a conception of part life for the individual as well as the society. 2. Hind Swaraj was the outcome of the experience of Gandhi‘s prolonged struggle against colonial raj in India Which of the statement given above is / are correct?

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Answer A (official UPSC key)Hind Swaraj → a conception of life for individual and society | NOT: outcome of Gandhi's struggle in India (written 1909)
CSE2015Gandhian Era I: Early Satyagrahas, Rowlatt, Khilafat & Home RuleOn card MOD 10·2

With reference to Rowlatt Satyagraha, which of the following statements is/ are correct? 1. The Rowlatt Act was based on the recommendations of the 'Sedition Committee. 2. In Rowlatt Satyagraha, Gandhiji tried to utilize the Home Rule League. 3. Demonstrations against the arrival of Simon Commission coincided with Rowlatt Satyagraha. Select the correct answer using the code given below.

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Answer B (official UPSC key)Rowlatt Satyagraha → Act based on the Sedition Committee; Gandhiji used the Home Rule League | NOT: coincided with Simon Commission protests
CDS2014 · 1Gandhian Era I: Early Satyagrahas, Rowlatt, Khilafat & Home RuleOn card MOD 8·3

Consider the following statements 1. B G Tilak founded the Home Rule League in April 1916, in Maharashtra. 2. N C Kelkar was not associated with Home Rule Movement. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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Answer A (official UPSC key)B G Tilak founded the Home Rule League, April 1916, Maharashtra | NOT: N C Kelkar unconnected with Home Rule
CAPF2011Gandhian Era I: Early Satyagrahas, Rowlatt, Khilafat & Home RuleOn card MOD 10·3

The Khilafat Movement received support from both Hindus and Muslims and it was led from the front by Gandhiji. In spite of this, the movement lost momentum. Why ?

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Answer A (official UPSC key)Khilafat Movement lost momentum → Khalifa's office abolished in Turkey; better terms for Turkey
CAPF2011Gandhian Era I: Early Satyagrahas, Rowlatt, Khilafat & Home RuleOn card MOD 8·3

Which of the following statements regarding Home Rule Leagues in India are correct ? 1. The movement was led by the moderate Congress leaders. 2. There were two Home Rule Leagues. 3. The movement became strong, because other mass agitations could not be launched by the Congress during the World War. 4. The government was non-reactive to the movement. Select the correct answer using the code given below :

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Answer D (official UPSC key)Home Rule Leagues → two Leagues; strong as no other wartime mass agitation | NOT: led by moderates | NOT: government non-reactive
CDS2011 · 1Gandhian Era I: Early Satyagrahas, Rowlatt, Khilafat & Home RuleOn card MOD 10·3

Consider the following statements Statement I : Gandhiji failed to realise that the Khilafat was an extra-territorial issue. Statement II : The cause of Khilafat was discredited by 1923, as Mustafa Kamal Pasha set-up a secular republican Government in Turkey. Codes

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Answer C (official UPSC key)Gandhiji failed to see the Khilafat as an extra-territorial issue | NOT: Khilafat discredited by 1923 via Kamal Pasha's secular republic
CDS2011 · 2Gandhian Era I: Early Satyagrahas, Rowlatt, Khilafat & Home RuleOn card MOD 8·3

Consider the following statements Statement I Annie Besant worked together with the Congress and the Muslim League during the Home Rule Movement. Statement II Annie Besant felt that this was necessary to get the support of the masses for the Home Rule Movement. Codes:

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Answer A (official UPSC key)Annie Besant worked with the Congress and the Muslim League in the Home Rule Movement | Needed for mass support | II explains I
CDS2011 · 2Gandhian Era I: Early Satyagrahas, Rowlatt, Khilafat & Home RuleOn card MOD 10·1

Consider the following statements about the Ahmedabad Mill Strike of 1918 1. It was related to a dispute between the workers and the European mill owners regarding hours of work. 2. Gandhiji advised the workers to go on strike. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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Answer B (official UPSC key)Ahmedabad Mill Strike of 1918 → Gandhiji advised the strike | NOT: dispute with European mill owners over hours of work
CDS2011 · 2Gandhian Era I: Early Satyagrahas, Rowlatt, Khilafat & Home RuleOn card MOD 10·1

Which of the statements given below about the Champaran Satyagraha is/are correct? 1. It was related to Indigo plantations. 2. It started because the European planters oppressed the Zamindars. Select the correct answer using the codes given below

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Answer A (official UPSC key)Champaran Satyagraha → related to Indigo plantations | NOT: planters oppressed the Zamindars
CSE2011Gandhian Era I: Early Satyagrahas, Rowlatt, Khilafat & Home RuleOn card MOD 10·1

What was the reason for Mahatma Gandhi to organize a satyagraha on behalf of the peasants of Kheda? 1. The administration did not suspend the land revenue collection in spite of a drought 2. The administration proposed to introduce a permanent settlement in Gujarat Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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Answer A (official UPSC key)Kheda satyagraha → revenue not suspended despite drought | NOT: proposed permanent settlement in Gujarat
CAPF2010Gandhian Era I: Early Satyagrahas, Rowlatt, Khilafat & Home RuleOn card MOD 3·2

Which of the following statements about the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms is/are correct ? 1. It was approved by King George V. 2. It made the Central Legislature bicameral. 3. The Act explicitly mentioned the appointment of three Indian members to the Council. Select the correct answer using the code given below :

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Answer A (official UPSC key)Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms → approved by King George V; bicameral Central Legislature; three Indian members to the Council
CDS2010 · 2Gandhian Era I: Early Satyagrahas, Rowlatt, Khilafat & Home RuleOn card MOD 10·2

Which one among the following prompted Rabindranath Tagore to surrender his title of ‗Sir‘?

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Answer D (official UPSC key)Tagore surrendered 'Sir' → Jallianwala Bagh massacre and martial law in Punjab
CAPF2009Gandhian Era I: Early Satyagrahas, Rowlatt, Khilafat & Home RuleOn card MOD 10·3

Which among the following was not a demand of Mahatma Gandhi to the Government as a condition of settlement before he launched the Non-cooperation movement ?

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Answer D (official UPSC key)Not a Gandhi pre-Non-cooperation demand → better reforms than the Act of 1919
CDS2009 · 2Gandhian Era I: Early Satyagrahas, Rowlatt, Khilafat & Home RuleOn card MOD 10·1

Match the following Person Satyagraha A. Raj Kumar Shukla 1. Kheda Satyagraha B. Ambalal Sarabhai 2. Ahmedabad Mill Strike C. Indulal Yagnik 3. Bardoli Satyagraha D. Vallabhbhai Patel 4. Champaran Satyagraha Codes:

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Answer C (official UPSC key)Raj Kumar Shukla : Champaran; Ambalal Sarabhai : Ahmedabad Mill Strike; Indulal Yagnik : Kheda; Vallabhbhai Patel : Bardoli
EPFO (APFC)2004Gandhian Era I: Early Satyagrahas, Rowlatt, Khilafat & Home RuleOn card MOD 10·2

In the year 1919, what was the reason for Mahatma Gandhi to warn the Viceroy that a countrywide Satyagraha would be launched?

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Answer A (official UPSC key)1919 warning of countrywide Satyagraha → withdrawal of the Rowlatt Act
CSE2003Gandhian Era I: Early Satyagrahas, Rowlatt, Khilafat & Home RuleOn card MOD 10·2

Assertion (A): In 1916, Maulana Mohammad Ali and Abul Kalam Azad resigned from the Legislative Council. Reason (R): The Rowlatt Act was passed by the Government in spite of being opposed by all Indian members of the Legislative Council.

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Answer D (official UPSC key)Rowlatt Act passed despite opposition of all Indian members | NOT: Mohammad Ali and Azad resigned from the Council in 1916
CSE1998Gandhian Era I: Early Satyagrahas, Rowlatt, Khilafat & Home RuleOn card MOD 10·3

Assertion (A): The Khilafat movement did bring the urban Muslims into the fold of the National Movement. Reason (R): There was a predominant element of anti-imperialism in both the National and Khilafat Movement.

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Answer A (official UPSC key)Khilafat movement → brought urban Muslims into the National Movement | Anti-imperialism common to both | R explains A
CSE1997Gandhian Era I: Early Satyagrahas, Rowlatt, Khilafat & Home RuleOn card MOD 10·2

Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists: [1997] List-I List-II A. Butler Committee Report 1. Jallianwala Bagh massacre B. Hartog 2. Relationship between the Indian State and the Committee Report Paramount Power C. Hunter Inquiry Committee 3. working of dyarchy as laid down in the Report Montague-Chelmsford Reforms D. Muddiman Committee 4. The growth of education in British India and Report potentialities of its further progress Codes

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Answer D (official UPSC key)Butler Committee : Indian States and Paramount Power; Hartog Committee : growth of education; Hunter Committee : Jallianwala Bagh; Muddiman Committee : working of dyarchy
CSE1992Gandhian Era I: Early Satyagrahas, Rowlatt, Khilafat & Home RuleOn card MOD 10·3

Which of the following were the main objectives of the Khilafat movement? 1. To rouse anti-British feelings among the Muslims of India 2. To reform the Muslim society 3. To demand separate electorates and preserve the Khilafat 4. To save the Ottoman empire and preserve the Khilafat Choose the correct answer from the codes given below:

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Answer D (official UPSC key)Khilafat objectives → rouse anti-British feeling among Muslims; save the Ottoman empire and the Khilafat

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